Qatar is a small and affluent country on the Arabian Peninsula, known for its vast reserves of oil and natural gas. These resources have transformed Qatar into one of the world's richest countries in terms of GDP per capita. The discovery of oil in 1939 and the subsequent expansion of natural gas production in the 1990s have been pivotal in shaping Qatar's modern economy.

 

Doha: A Diverse and Thriving Capital

Doha, the capital city, is a bustling metropolis and the center of Qatar’s political, economic, and cultural life. With a population of around 3,4 million people, of which only 10% are Qatari citizens, the country relies heavily on expatriate workers from various parts of the world, contributing to its diverse linguistic and cultural landscape. The Qatari government has invested heavily in education, healthcare, tech and infrastructure. Initiatives like Qatar Foundation and Education City emphasise the country’s commitment to becoming a knowledge-based economy. Qatar University and other institutions attract international talent while fostering an environment of academic excellence and innovation.

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Economic Strength and Global Ambitions

Qatar’s economy is robust and increasingly diversified, with major investments in infrastructure, real estate, and tourism. National entities such as Al Jazeera, Qatar Airways, and the hosting of the FIFA World Cup 2022 highlight the country’s ambition on the global stage. Al Jazeera, in particular, has become a significant media player, offering a Qatari perspective on international news.​ Nevertheless, LNG and oil remain key drivers of Qatar’s economy. In 2025, hydrocarbon activities accounted for around 35% of GDP, while petroleum and gas products represented roughly four-fifths of merchandise exports. Qatar was the world’s second-largest LNG exporter in 2025, supported by the vast reserves of the North Field. 

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Natural Resources and Economic Resilience

Both natural gas and oil reserves are managed by the state-owned company QatarEnergy, which oversees production in partnership with various international oil and gas companies. Together, these resources ensure Qatar’s economic resilience, funding its public investments and securing its position as one of the wealthiest countries globally.

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Qatar’s Role in Diplomacy and Vision for the Future

Qatar’s strategic location and political stability make it a key player in regional and international diplomacy. It has mediated in various conflicts, including those in Lebanon, Sudan, Chad, Afghanistan and most recently, between Israel and Hamas. Qatar’s foreign policy is characterised by a balance of traditional regional alliances and increasing involvement in global issues. Qatar’s commitment to modernisation and development is evident. The government’s Vision 2030 aims to diversify the economy, reduce reliance on hydrocarbon revenues, and promote sustainable development. With ongoing investments in technology, innovation, and international partnerships, Qatar is poised for a future of continued growth and global influence.